Vector graphics are digital images created using mathematical equations to define points, lines, curves, and shapes. Unlike raster graphics (which use pixels), vector graphics are resolution-independent, meaning they can be scaled to any size without losing quality.

Key characteristics:

- Scalability: Can be resized infinitely without pixelation

- Small file sizes: Often smaller than equivalent raster images

- Mathematical precision: Defined by coordinates and equations

- Editability: Easy to modify individual elements

- Crisp edges: Perfect for logos and icons

Vector graphics are ideal for:

- Logos and brand marks

- Icons and symbols

- Illustrations

- Typography

- Technical drawings

Common vector file formats include:

- SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)

- AI (Adobe Illustrator)

- EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)

- PDF (Portable Document Format)

Vector graphics are essential for professional design work where scalability and precision are important.